Mega Goal 1

A - Match each text with a topic

1. Space Exploration
2. The Future
3. Learning
4. Accidents
5. Keeping Fit
6. Advertising
7. Careers

B - Opinions

1. Space exploration is exciting because it increases our knowledge of the universe.
2. Flying cars may be useful, but they will need strict safety rules.
3. Lifelong learning is important because knowledge and jobs keep changing.
4. Preventing accidents at home is essential.
5. I totally agree that exercise and healthy food improve our lives.
6. Radio advertising is useful in places with limited technology.
7. I think changing careers can be positive when a person prepares carefully.

C - Preferred topic

I prefer lifelong learning because it helps people develop their skills at every age and adapt to new opportunities.

Your Turn

A: Good afternoon, Omar! What a surprise! Are you traveling to Jeddah?
B: Yes. I’m going there with my brother for a family visit. How are you?
A: Very well, thanks. This is my cousin Ali.
B: Pleased to meet you, Ali.
C: Glad to meet you, too. Have a safe trip!
B: Thank you. See you soon.

Pronunciation

• Are you flying to Dubai? ↗ rising intonation.
• Ted talks about you all the time. ↘ falling intonation.
• Good morning, Ashraf! rises to show surprise, then falls at the end.

5 Listening

طريقة الحل: شغّل المسار الصوتي المرافق للكتاب، ثم رتّب الإجابات بحسب ما تسمعه.

6 About You

Receptionist: Good morning, City Medical Center. How can I help you?
Caller: I’d like to make an appointment with Dr. Ahmed, please. It’s rather urgent.
Receptionist: He is available on Tuesday at 5:00.
Caller: Could I see him sooner?
Receptionist: I’ll see what I can do. Can you make it this afternoon at 3:30?
Caller: Yes, thank you very much.
Receptionist: You’re welcome. We’ll be expecting you.

7 Pronunciation

• Could I see him sooner? ↗
• I’ll see what I can do. ↘
• Yes/no questions usually rise; statements and wh-questions usually fall.

Global Issues

• Global warming: Temperatures are rising; therefore, ice melts and sea levels rise.
• Fresh water: Many regions have limited clean water; therefore, health and agriculture suffer.
• Pollution: Harmful waste enters air and water; therefore, people and wildlife become ill.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

Quick Check A - Vocabulary

1. affect — c, produce a change
2. launch — b, send into space
3. take for granted — d, accept as part of life
4. establish — a, set up/start
5. host — e, provide a place for

Quick Check B - True or False

1. False — Sputnik was an artificial satellite.
2. True.
3. False — the UAE consists of seven emirates.
4. False — the dirham was launched in 1973.
5. False — digital information belongs to the present.

Pair Work

Q: When was Telstar launched?
A: It was launched on July 10, 1962.

Q: Who was the first person to walk on the moon?
A: Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk on the moon.

B - Complete the email

1. are not working
2. is
3. live
4. help
5. meet
6. was
7. arrived
8. got
9. have
10. is
11. have not seen
12. are swimming
13. am wearing
14. applied
15. knew
16. was
17. wanted
18. like
19. miss
20. feel

C - Questions and answers

A: Have you eaten fish and chips?
B: Yes, I have. I ate them last week.

A: Have you watched a cricket match?
B: Yes, I have. I watched one two weeks ago.

A: Have you visited Shakespeare’s house?
B: No, I haven’t. I plan to visit it next month.

Language in Context

This is my classmate Omar Alqahtani. He lives in Riyadh and was born there. He grew up with two brothers and a sister. His family is from Najd. He enjoys technology and football, and he has been interested in both for several years.

Listening

طريقة الحل: شغّل المسار الصوتي المرافق للكتاب، ثم رتّب الإجابات بحسب ما تسمعه.

Pronunciation

شدّد كلمات المحتوى المهمة: mother, born, Riyadh؛ where, grow up؛ Mona, college, Qassim؛ visited, Europe.

About You

1. My family is from Riyadh.
2. Some relatives moved to Jeddah for work.
3. Immigrants may face language, housing, employment, and cultural challenges.
4. Yes, I have relatives in Dammam, and I visit them during holidays.
5. People from many countries live in my city for work and study.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

About the Conversation

1. Hans’s family is from Leipzig.
2. They have been in the western part of Germany since soon after German reunification.
3. No. Saud’s family lost touch with their relatives in Berlin.
4. He can work legally because he has a German passport through his grandparents.
5. He does not seem to be planning to return soon; he has a good job, friends, and is happy in Germany.

Your Turn

A: Tell me about your family.
B: I was born in Riyadh, and my parents are from Al-Qassim. My grandparents also lived there.
A: Do you still have relatives there?
B: Yes, we visit them regularly. My grandparents spoke Arabic, and my father works as an engineer.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

A - Vocabulary

1. transforming — b, changing completely
2. hub — a, center
3. vibrant — a, strong and active
4. thriving — b, prosperous and strong
5. ambitious — a, determined to succeed
6. enterprises — c, businesses
7. diversify — a, make more varied
8. transparent — c, open and honest

B - Compare ideas

The text agrees with my ideas about diversifying the economy, improving education, creating jobs, strengthening trade, and using technology.

C - Five developments

1. Expand and develop services for visitors to the Holy Sites.
2. Become a center for global business.
3. Improve trade and transport among three continents.
4. Build education that meets labor-market needs.
5. Diversify the economy and create jobs.

Economic diversification is the biggest long-term change, while developing people through education is the most important because it supports every other aim.

Discussion

Change is beneficial when it solves problems and protects people’s values. Islamic principles, national identity, family bonds, and respect for cultural heritage should remain strong. A student can take initiative by conserving resources, volunteering, proposing school improvements, and completing responsibilities without waiting to be asked.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

A - Capital letters

1. Jack decided to fly to New York next Monday.
2. My brother has never been to Dubai.
3. Riyadh is the capital of Saudi Arabia.
4. The telephone was invented by Graham Bell.
5. Africa is an amazing continent.
6. We usually go shopping on Thursday evening.
7. A lot of people go away in August.
8. Lake Huron, in North America, is one of the largest lakes I have ever seen.

B - Communication

Most people communicate through instant messages, social networks, email, and video calls. I usually send messages to friends and use video calls with relatives who live far away. The reading adds that the Internet also connects people for business and education and makes information widely accessible.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

C - Notes

• Communication: fact—email, messaging, and video calls connect people globally; advantage—fast and inexpensive; disadvantage—less face-to-face contact; past—letters and landline calls.
• Education: fact—students can attend courses online; advantage—flexible access; disadvantage—requires devices and self-discipline; past—learning mainly happened in classrooms.
• Information: fact—search engines provide numerous sources; advantage—quick access; disadvantage—some sources are inaccurate; past—people depended on libraries and printed references.

D - Model essay

Digital Government in Saudi Arabia

The expansion of digital government services has brought major positive changes to Saudi Arabia. It developed rapidly as Internet access and secure national platforms became widely available. First, citizens can complete many official procedures without traveling or waiting in long lines. Second, digital records improve speed and accuracy. Third, online services make education, health, and business transactions easier in different regions. These benefits save time and support economic growth. However, users must protect their accounts and personal information. Overall, digital government has had a strongly positive impact on the country.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

A - True sentences

1. Hans’s family is from Leipzig.
2. Saud is from Dubai.
3. Hans’s family moved to West Germany.
4. Saud has been in Berlin for almost three years.
5. Hans was born in Berlin.
6. Saud’s grandparents were from Germany.
7. Saud is a biologist.
8. Saud has a good job.
9. Saud has made lots of friends.
10. Saud is happy in Berlin.

B - Questions

Did Hans’s family stay in Leipzig? — No, they didn’t. They moved to West Germany.

Did Saud grow up in Germany? — No, he didn’t. He grew up in Dubai.

Did Saud’s grandparents come from Germany? — Yes, they did.

C - Sentences with when

1. The people were sleeping when the earthquake happened.
2. Fatima was going home when she saw her friend Nawal.
3. Majid was looking at the trees when he saw a parrot.
4. The students were waiting for the bus when it started to rain.

D - Complete the text

1. left
2. traveled
3. boarded
4. set off
5. were crying
6. were standing
7. made
8. arrived
9. stepped
10. were

Model addition: They found temporary housing, learned German, and gradually built a new life in Munich.

Qualities and Quick Check A

• Salim: creativity, teamwork, communication, technical skills, and attention to detail.
• Matthew: analytical thinking, initiative, creativity, communication, and organization.
• Animators: teamwork, computer skills, creativity, adaptability, and communication.
• My strongest qualities are teamwork and organization; I need to improve public speaking.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

Quick Check B

1. False — he is a car sculptor.
2. True.
3. False — he has created ice-cream flavors.
4. True.
5. False — animators work in teams.

Pair Work

Q: What does Matthew do in his lab? A: He experiments with products and flavors.

Q: Why do animators need communication skills? A: Because they work with team members and clients.

I am interested in software engineering because I enjoy solving problems and using computers.

A - Examples from page 20

• Progressive/continuous action: He’s been working for the company since he left college; he’s been working as a food scientist for three years; animation has been in high demand.
• Simple/results or changes: He and his team have helped design the latest models; he has created several new flavors; CGI has become necessary.

B - Correct forms

1. have been looking; haven’t found
2. has worked
3. has been writing; hasn’t received
4. have you read

C - My English study

1. I have been studying English for several years.
2. I have had six English teachers.
3. I have used about eight English books.
4. I have been using this book since the beginning of the term.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

D - Jobs

1. Faiz has been working at a restaurant for six months. He is good at baking and is interested in becoming a chef.
2. Refah has been working at a nursing home for two years. She is good at helping elderly women and is interested in becoming a doctor.
3. Yahya has been working for a newspaper for a while. He is good at interviewing people and is interested in becoming a reporter.

E - Class survey

• Omar has been playing football for five years.
• Fahad has been studying English for seven years.
• Ali has lived in the same house since he was born.
• Saad has been riding a bike for six years.
• Yousef has been working part-time for four months.
• Khalid has been swimming since he was eight.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

F - During the rain

• The man at the magazine stand has been reading; he has read several magazines.
• The people under the shelter have been waiting for the rain to stop.
• A man has been talking on his phone.
• Some people have been watching the street and protecting themselves from the rain.

Language in Context

Profile: I am organized, reliable, creative, and hardworking. I am good at computers, solving problems, and working with people. Possible careers include software engineer, project coordinator, or technical support specialist.

Listening

طريقة الحل: شغّل المسار الصوتي المرافق للكتاب، ثم رتّب الإجابات بحسب ما تسمعه.

Pronunciation

motivation, model, making contain /m/; inspiration, plan contain /n/; reading, working end with /ŋ/.

About You

I plan to study computer science after school. I am interested in cybersecurity because I like technology and problem solving. I have not had a formal interview or internship yet, but I have taken programming courses for a year.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

Your Ending

2. Why don’t you network with friends and find out about available jobs?

About the Conversation

1. True.
2. False — Khaled wanted to be a dentist.
3. False — Yousef has worked at the bank since high school.
4. True.
5. True.

Your Turn

Interviewer: What have you been doing since you left the bank?
Yousef: I’ve been working as a watch repairer for a year.
Interviewer: What has changed in your career?
Yousef: I’ve completed a training course, learned to repair several types of watches, and become more satisfied with my work.
Interviewer: Have you opened your own shop?
Yousef: Not yet, but I’ve been saving money for one.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

After Reading

1. True.
2. False — it is unpaid, but lodging and meals are provided.
3. False — the media intern needs to be fluent in English.
4. True.
5. True.
6. False — one article appeared in the local press.

Discussion

1. Carl includes contact details, education, experience, responsibilities, honors, awards, and skills. He is qualified for media, radio, website, writing, or research work.
2. I can include school achievements, computer skills, English ability, volunteering, and completed courses. These may qualify me for a student internship.
3. A qualified person combines relevant education and skills with practical experience, responsibility, communication, and willingness to learn.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

A - Job chart

• Media: qualifications—English and computer skills; qualities—friendly, outgoing, fast and clear; experience—research, summarizing, or greeting guests.
• Archaeology: qualifications—interest in history; qualities—patient, careful, hardworking; experience—outdoor or field work is helpful.
• Engineering: qualifications—civil-engineering graduate student, blueprint reading, some Arabic; qualities—adaptable, accurate, cooperative; experience—engineering projects.

I would apply for the media internship because I enjoy research and communication. I would not choose archaeology because I prefer indoor technical work.

B - Cover-letter notes

Qualities: dedicated, enthusiastic, open to challenges, effective communicator.
Qualifications: bachelor’s in Public Relations and master’s in Intercultural Communication.
Experience: five successful years in public relations at large corporations.

My notes: organized and friendly; strong English and computer skills; experience researching school projects and presenting them.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

B - Relative pronouns

1. who/that
2. that
3. who/that
4. that
5. who/that
6. that

C - Actions in the pictures

1. While Faisal was reading, Yahya was washing the car.
2. While Yahya was washing the car, Fatima was talking on the phone.
3. While the people were walking outside, it was raining.

Words suggested by the title

Predictions, inventions, technology, space travel, and life in the future.

Sentences about the future

• “What will life be like at the end of the 20th century?”
• The descriptions in Verne’s novels imagine future rockets, submarines, skyscrapers, trains, cars, and communication networks.

Sentences about the past

• Jules Verne wrote several books in the late 1800s.
• His characters traveled to the moon and dove through the ocean.
• Those inventions did not exist in Verne’s time, but many later became reality.

A - Vocabulary

1. adventure novel
2. fast food restaurant
3. gas-powered car
4. kitchen appliance
5. haircut

B - Predictions that came true

1. ✓ People drive gas-powered cars.
2. ✓ People live in skyscrapers.
3. ✗ People do not travel to the center of the earth.
4. ✗ Fast food restaurants did catch on.
5. ✓ Many sports stars earn more than the president.

Pair Work

Thing: smartphone. In 2050, it may be a tiny wearable or holographic device. It will probably translate speech instantly, monitor health, and project calls and lessons in three dimensions.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

B - Things still used in 50 years

I think people will still use cell phones and personal computers, but their shape and functions will change. Flat-screen TVs may be replaced by holographic displays. Microwave ovens and ballpoint pens will probably still exist, while printed magazines may become uncommon.

C - Predictions

• I believe researchers will find better treatments for cancer.
• I think people will be preserving the environment more carefully.
• I hope there won’t be as much pollution.
• I don’t think all wars will disappear within fifty years.
• Some plant and animal species may not exist anymore unless people protect them.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

4 - Language in Context

1. I’ll exercise three times a week.
2. I won’t spend so much time on my phone.
3. I’ll organize my study time and read every day.

5 - Listening

طريقة الحل: شغّل المسار الصوتي المرافق للكتاب، ثم أكمل خانتي الماضي والمستقبل لكل طالب بحسب ما تسمعه.

6 - Pronunciation

تُقرأ الكلمات الوظيفية a, and, can, to, of عادةً بنبرة أخف من الكلمات التي تحمل المعنى الرئيس.

7 - About You

1. People can make informed predictions, but they cannot know the future with certainty.
2. Jules Verne predicted submarines and travel to the moon.
3. Transport will become cleaner and medicine will become more personalized.
4. I’ll probably be working in technology and continuing to learn.
5. People may watch interactive and holographic programs.
6. Schools will use more personalized digital lessons and practical projects.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

About the Conversation

1. It monitors and optimizes lighting, security, ventilation, heating, audiovisual, and entertainment systems.
2. The lights will come on if it is night, climate control will start, and the person’s favorite radio station will play.
3. You will be able to call the refrigerator and check how much milk or how many eggs are left.
4. The reporter is interested because the robot will do the cleaning, washing, and cooking.

Your Turn

My intelligent house will unlock by fingerprint, use solar energy, adjust the temperature automatically, warn the family about safety risks, and employ a robot for routine cleaning. A smart garden system will water plants only when necessary.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع التصاميم.

Ideas suggested by the title

A container buried for the future, old objects, historical records, and a message showing how people once lived.

Headings

1. b. The burial of a car
2. a. What the car contained
3. e. Everyone came to the event
4. c. 50 years later
5. d. They lived to see it

A - Vocabulary

1. a — to come together
2. c — to see an event
3. c — hairpin
4. b — outdated
5. b — a safe
6. c — to resist or survive

B - Questions

1. To show future people who the residents were and how they lived in Tulsa in 1957.
2. They thought combustion engines might be obsolete and fuel might not be available in 2007.
3. Yes. For example, printed phone directories are largely obsolete today.
4. The person whose guess was closest to Tulsa’s population in 2007.
5. Moisture had entered the vault, so the car was rusty, several contents were ruined, and the contestants’ microfilm was missing.

C - Complete the sentences

1. …learn how people lived in Tulsa in 1957.
2. …be alive when the car is unearthed.
3. …will find objects that show what people carried in 1957.

Discussion

One famous hidden treasure is the hoard found at Sutton Hoo in England. It had been buried in an ancient ship, and archaeologists found weapons, jewelry, and other valuable objects.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات المفتوحة.

A - School trip

A: When are they going?
B: They are going tomorrow.
A: What will they see and do?
B: They are going to see robot exhibits and learn about future space travel.
A: What will they take?
B: They will take notebooks, pens, water, and a camera.

B - Dialogue

Hussain: Let’s go to the Space Show.
Ahmed: Great idea! Oh, wait. We can’t; it’s sold out. How about visiting the robot exhibition?
Hussain: Yes, why not? That sounds great. After that, let’s watch the 3D film.
Ahmed: Good idea, but it starts at noon. Why don’t we visit the future-transport hall first?
Hussain: Perfect. Let’s do that.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

C - Future plans

• On the weekend, Omar will probably visit his cousins.
• Next week, he is going to prepare for a science test.
• In the summer, he will travel with his family.
• Next year, he is going to join a programming course.

D - Check with tag questions

• You’ll visit your cousins on the weekend, won’t you?
• You are going to prepare for a science test next week, aren’t you?
• You won’t travel alone in the summer, will you?
• You usually take courses during the vacation, don’t you?

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

A - Questions about the pictures

1. Have you been waiting for the bus?
2. Have you been eating chocolate?
3. Have you been cleaning the house?
4. Have you been skiing?
5. Have you been running?
6. Have you been sleeping?

B - Verb forms

1. has stolen
2. have lived / have been living
3. have you been waiting
4. haven’t been sleeping
5. Have you been using
6. have been painting; have only finished

C - Questions

1. How long have you been flying planes?
2. How many books have you written?
3. How many cakes have you made today?
4. How long have you been playing football?
5. How long have you been studying English?

D - Points of view

The first and fourth posts most closely represent my view: technology saves time and expands access to learning, but users still need to think critically and practice essential skills. The writers appear mainly to be teenagers or young adults because they mention teachers, handwriting practice, learning, and personal use of word processing.

E - Brief reply

Students in my country have been using computers for many years. My partner and I use them for research, writing, presentations, and online lessons, but we also write notes by hand. Computers are valuable tools when we check sources and think about information instead of copying it. Spell-check helps us edit, but it should not replace learning spelling and grammar.

F - In the future

People will still be learning online and using automatic language tools in 100 years. They may write less by hand, but schools will probably preserve handwriting for learning and personal communication.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الآراء.

Before Reading

1. Their eyes are heavily outlined with dark make-up.
2. They used a mixture containing lead and lead salts.
3. It decorated the eyes, was believed to ward off evil, and helped protect against eye infection.

After Reading A

1. It was concocted with lead and lead salts.
2. It was used to adorn the eyes, ward off evil, disinfect, and prevent infection.
3. They believed that the make-up had medicinal properties.
4. Scientists used a tiny electrode to observe the effect of Egyptian lead chloride on a single cell.
5. Very low doses of lead activated an immune response that attacked bacteria.
6. People have been using it since ancient Egyptian times, for thousands of years.

B - Vocabulary

1. h
2. i
3. c
4. d
5. e
6. g
7. j
8. a
9. b
10. f

Discussion

1. Some traditional substances, such as kohl, have been used for appearance and were also believed to protect the eyes. Safe modern products should be used according to health guidance.
2. People cover the face and head with suitable cloth, wear sunglasses, apply sunscreen, drink water, and seek shade during intense heat or sandstorms.

Project - The dallah

• Name of the item: the Arabic coffee pot, or dallah.
• When it was first used: no exact first year is recorded, but the dallah has been used in the Arabian Peninsula for centuries as Arabic coffee became part of local hospitality.
• Who first used it: families and Bedouin communities used it to prepare coffee and welcome guests and travelers.
• Why people needed it: they needed a practical pot for preparing and serving Arabic coffee during visits, meetings, and celebrations.
• How it has changed: its materials, decoration, size, and heating methods have changed, while its basic shape and serving tradition have remained recognizable.
• Use after 50 years: people will probably continue using it because it represents hospitality and cultural identity.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع المشروعات.

A - Vocabulary

1. d — adults
2. e — to happen as predicted
3. b — alone
4. a — a way of life
5. c — to continue

B - Expressions

1. To take someone by the hand: to guide, help, and support someone.
2. A castle made of sand: a dream or achievement without a strong, lasting foundation.

Comprehension

1. True.
2. True.
3. True.
4. False — the chant mentions kindness, guidance, love, and a secure future, not specifically health and wealth.
5. True.

Discussion and Writing

My parents hope that I will complete my education, choose useful work, and become responsible and kind. I believe I can accomplish these hopes through steady effort.

After I finish school, I plan to study computer science because I enjoy solving problems and creating useful technology. I will improve my English and programming skills, apply to a strong university program, and take part in practical projects. My long-term goal is to build secure digital services that help people.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

A - Describing words

• Car: tiny, classic, new, legendary, compact, personalized.
• Suitcase: light, smooth, expensive, individual, friendly.
• Bike: ordinary-looking, portable, folding, smaller, less bulky, attractive.

B - True or False

1. True.
2. False — buyers can choose from several colors and options.
3. False — it was developed by Dutch engineers and designers.
4. True.
5. True.
6. True.

Pair Work

Q: When was the original FIAT 500 introduced?
A: It was introduced in 1957.

Q: What materials can the Henk suitcase be made of?
A: It can be made of ebony or Italian leather.

Q: Why is the fold-up bike easy to store?
A: Because it is smaller and less bulky than an ordinary bike.

I like the fold-up bike because it is portable and takes little storage space.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات المفتوحة.

B - Perfumes

1. are made
2. were considered
3. was used
4. was opened
5. were sprayed
6. was worn
7. was named
8. was packaged
9. was launched
10. has been enjoyed

C - Ads

1. the most refreshing fragrance
2. makes your teeth cleaner and brighter than ever
3. will be healthier
4. the most reliable of all wireless hand-held devices

D - Best ad

I think the Sparkle ad is the best because its message is short, memorable, and clearly states the product’s benefit.

E - Correct verbs

1. sounds
2. look
3. smells
4. taste
5. sound
6. look

إجابة نموذجية في السؤال D، وتتنوع الآراء.

4 - General knowledge

1. d
2. g
3. e
4. a
5. i
6. h
7. j
8. c
9. f
10. b

5 - Listening

طريقة الحل: شغّل المسار الصوتي المرافق للكتاب، ثم صِل أسماء المنتجات بوصفها بحسب ما تسمعه.

6 - Pronunciation

تُربط نهاية الكلمة ببداية التالية في أمثلة مثل best ice cream وcontrast to، وقد يضعف صوت ساكن متكرر عند التقاء ساكنين.

7 - About You

1. Advertising can influence me when it presents clear features, reliable reviews, and a fair price, but I compare products before buying.
2. False advertising makes claims that are untrue or hide important conditions.
3. Unsafe or age-inappropriate products should not be promoted to children.
4. Yes. Standards should require evidence for claims and clear disclosure of conditions.
5. Ads strongly influence preferences through repetition, attractive images, and social approval, especially among younger audiences.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الآراء.

Your Ending

“What a great idea for heavy sleepers!”

About the Conversation

The flying part rests on a base. When the alarm goes off, that part flies away, so the user must get up, catch it, and return it to the base to stop the alarm.

Your Turn

• Name: smart self-cleaning bottle.
• Appearance: a metal bottle with a light in its cap.
• How it works: the cap uses a timed cleaning light and reminds the user to drink water.

A: This bottle cleans itself and reminds you to drink.
B: It is incredible. I’ve never seen anything like it.
A: It also keeps a record of how much water you drink.
B: It makes you wonder what ordinary objects will become next.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الأدوات.

Words associated with credit card

Payment, bank, plastic, purchase, account, limit, online shopping, security, and rewards.

Timeline

1. 1949: Frank McNamara could not pay for dinner because he had forgotten his wallet.
2. 1950: he paid at the same restaurant with the first Diner’s Club cardboard card.
3. 1952: thousands of U.S. businesses accepted it, and it became the first international charge card.
4. 1955: Western Airlines became the first airline to accept it.
5. 1965: every airline in the United States accepted it.
6. 1984: the first card-members rewards program was created.

A - Vocabulary

1. b
2. a
3. b
4. c
5. a
6. c
7. a

B - Negative prefixes

in-: incomplete, incorrect, inexpensive.
im-: impossible, impatient, impolite.

C - Questions

1. They have been available since 1950.
2. He had left his wallet in another suit and could not pay the restaurant check.
3. He thought it was silly that people could spend only the cash they were carrying rather than what they could afford.
4. “Charging it.”
5. Thousands of businesses accepted it by 1952, and it appeared in popular culture through a film and a board game.
6. It became a status symbol.
7. It spread to other countries, airlines, hotels, car rentals, and many other businesses, while new international cards and reward programs appeared.

Discussion

Without credit cards, people would rely more on cash, transfers, or other digital payment methods. Travel and online purchases could be less convenient, but some people might find it easier to control debt.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الآراء.

A - Discussion

1. I use a cell phone for calls, messages, study, maps, photos, and useful services.
2. I prefer a secure, reliable phone with long battery life and good software support.
3. Without cell phones, communication and access to services while traveling would be slower, but people might face fewer interruptions.

B - Timeline

1. 1843: Michael Faraday researched whether space could conduct electricity.
2. 1865: Mahlon Loomis transmitted and received messages through the wireless atmosphere.
3. 1973: Martin Cooper used the first portable cellular phone.
4. 1977: public trial testing began in Chicago and later other U.S. cities.
5. 1988: the CTIA was formed to set goals and standards for cellular providers.

إجابة نموذجية في أسئلة الرأي.

Analysis of the cell-phone text

• Organization: facts and events are arranged chronologically.
• Main stages: early electricity research, wireless transmission, portable phone invention, public trials, and industry standards.
• People and organization: Michael Faraday, Mahlon Loomis, Martin Cooper, and CTIA.
• The text addresses general readers; it explains familiar phones through historical facts that most users may not know.

Product: the camera

• 1826: Nicéphore Niépce produced an early permanent photograph.
• 1888: Kodak introduced a camera designed for ordinary consumers.
• 1948: instant photography became commercially available.
• 1975: an early digital camera prototype was developed.
• 2000s: cameras became standard features in mobile phones.

The camera changed from a large specialist device into a portable digital tool used every day. Each stage made photography faster and more accessible. Today, phone cameras allow people to take, edit, and share images immediately.

إجابة نموذجية، ويمكن اختيار منتج آخر.

A - This, that, these, those

A: What’s this?
B: It’s my notebook.
A: What are those near the door?
B: They’re sports bags.
A: Are these your pens?
B: No, those are mine.

B - Advertising slogans

1. Buy the new tablet model for lightweight, super-fast performance!
2. Spray Bliss perfume and feel fresh and fragrant all day!
3. Keep your pet healthy and happy—try Homemade Pet Foods!

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الصياغة.

C - Correct words

1. yours
2. ones
3. mine
4. his
5. your
6. too
7. Mine
8. Whose
9. one
10. one
11. Who
12. too
13. my
14. my

D - Classroom conversation

A: Whose notebook is this?
B: Which one?
A: The green one beside the computer.
B: It’s mine. Are those pencils yours?
A: No, mine are the blue ones. They may belong to Sami.
B: This pencil is too short to be his. His pencils are always long enough for drawing.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع المحادثات.

A - Injury verbs

hurt, cut, fall, injure, get a shock, crash, slip, break, hit, and burn.

B - True or False

1. True.
2. False — both people got a shock.
3. False — the people in the car were not hurt.
4. True.
5. True.

Pair Work

Q: Why did the workers get a shock?
A: Because they did not turn off the electricity.

Q: Why weren’t the people in the car injured?
A: Because they were wearing seat belts.

I once slipped on a wet floor, but I did not break anything because I caught the handrail.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع التجارب.

Examples and uses

• Reflexive: hurt themselves—the subject and object are the same.
• Because: introduces the reason.
• So: introduces the result.
• So do/did I: agreement with an affirmative statement.
• Neither do/did I: agreement with a negative statement.

A - Reflexive pronouns

1. herself
2. yourself
3. myself
4. himself
5. themselves
6. ourselves

B - So and because

1. The floor was wet, so Ahmed slipped and fell. / Ahmed slipped and fell because the floor was wet.
2. Julian wasn’t wearing a seat belt, so he hit his head on the windshield. / He hit his head because he wasn’t wearing a seat belt.
3. The child put his finger in the socket, so he got an electric shock. / He got a shock because he put his finger in the socket.
4. There wasn’t any water, so we had to use sand. / We used sand because there wasn’t any water.
5. Abdullah was riding too fast, so he fell off his bike. / He fell because he was riding too fast.
6. I didn’t read the Wet Paint sign, so my hands got all blue. / My hands got blue because I didn’t read the sign.

C - Complete

1. so
2. because
3. because
4. so
5. because
6. so

D - Agreement

1. Neither have I.
2. So do I.
3. So did I.
4. Neither did I.
5. Neither do I.
6. So am I.
7. So do I.
8. So did I.
9. Neither am I.

4 - Match and describe

1. b: He sprained his ankle.
2. c: He poked himself in the eye.
3. f: She fractured her arm.
4. d: He burned his hand.
5. a: She cut her finger.
6. e: He broke his nose.

5 - Listening

طريقة الحل: شغّل المسار الصوتي المرافق للكتاب، ثم ضع علامة أمام أخطار المنزل التي يذكرها المتحدث.

6 - Pronunciation

تدرّب على المجموعات الساكنة في نهايات الكلمات: myself, result, accident, wrist, and.

7 - About You

1. I once had a minor bicycle accident.
2. I have never broken a bone or needed stitches.
3. I once touched a hot pan and burned my finger slightly.
4. Yes. People who hurry, ignore instructions, or take risks may have more accidents.
5. Minor cuts, falls, burns, and sports injuries are the most common.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع التجارب.

About the Conversation

1. His motorcycle skidded on oil, crashed into a car, and threw him into the windshield.
2. He was lucky because his helmet probably saved his life.
3. Jasem swerved to avoid a squirrel, lost his balance, and hit a tree.
4. He is sorry because Samir broke both legs and will use a wheelchair for a while.
5. Samir jokes that two casts give all his friends enough room to sign their names.

Your Turn - as Jasem

I was cycling in the park without a helmet when a squirrel suddenly appeared. I swerved, lost my balance, and hit a tree. I only got bruises and a bump on my head, so I was very lucky. I should have worn a helmet.

إجابة نموذجية، ويمكن إعادة الحادث بلسان Samir.

A - Vocabulary

1. d
2. e
3. f
4. b
5. a
6. c

B - Complete

1. …he was killed.
2. …from a farm.
3. …the invitation said that a lifeguard would be present.
4. …it also failed to open.
5. …couldn’t believe that he had survived.

Discussion

1. The German soldier’s accident is the strangest because he fell out of a plane and then landed back in his seat.
2. Ostriches normally live in open dry areas. It may have escaped through an unsecured gate; people filmed it but did not try to catch it.
3. A relative avoided a serious collision by slowing down before a car entered the road unexpectedly.
4. People are interested because unusual disasters create surprise and show how people respond to danger.
5. Some accept risk for competition, excitement, skill, recognition, or achievement.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الآراء.

A - Discussion

Safe driving requires attention, patience, respect for speed limits, and regular vehicle maintenance. A safe car should have reliable brakes and modern protective systems.

B - Notes

• What: a speeding car crashed into their car and pushed it into a telephone pole.
• Who caused it: a 90-year-old driver.
• When: in the morning.
• Who was involved: the 15-year-old narrator and his older brother.
• Where: at an intersection while going to school.
• Why: the other car was speeding.
• How: the impact threw their car into a pole; although the narrator wore a seat belt, his face struck the dashboard.

Summary: The narrator’s older brother was driving him to school when a speeding car crashed into them at an intersection, so their car hit a telephone pole. Although the narrator was wearing a seat belt, his face struck the dashboard and he lost consciousness. He remained in hospital for two weeks and later became a cautious driver because of the experience.

A - Advice and rules

1. You should stop at the nearest gas station.
2. You must slow down to 80 kilometers per hour.
3. We should stop and check the map.
4. You must not ask me to hold the steering wheel.
5. You should check the battery or call for roadside assistance.

B - Adverbs

Brian drives recklessly. Alexander drives well, but he sometimes drives too fast. Brian got a ticket because he was driving too fast. He attended a class for people who drive dangerously, but he still doesn’t drive carefully.

إجابة نموذجية في النشاط A، وتقبل صياغات مناسبة أخرى.

A - Advice expressions

you should, you shouldn’t, you ought to, you’d better, you might, try to.

B - Comprehension

1. Call one of the counselors on the hotline or speak to a qualified person.
2. They should not avoid food to keep slim.
3. Some avoid food because of emotional problems, stress, pressure, or a belief that being very slim is attractive.
4. Eat well, sleep well, exercise, and feel good about yourself.
5. Wear seat belts, observe speed limits, avoid phones and risky driving, slow at intersections, and check the route.

Pair Work

Q: What should I do if I feel depressed?
A: You ought to speak to a trusted adult or qualified counselor.

Q: How can I become fitter?
A: You should exercise regularly and cut down on junk food.

Q: What should I do before driving to a new place?
A: You might check the route before you leave.

B - Two- and three-word verbs

Example: turn down.

1. throw away
2. put up with
3. put off
4. take up; give up
5. don’t get along; put up with

C - Advice

1. He could visit a community center or a reliable hobbies website.
2. He ought to ask for support, avoid triggers, and replace the habit with a healthy activity.
3. He should eat balanced portions and exercise regularly.
4. He ought to list his strengths, set achievable goals, and speak kindly to himself.
5. He’d better talk to a trusted adult or qualified professional instead of remaining alone with the problem.

D - Had better

1. You’d better go home.
2. I’d better take a vacation.
3. They’d better go to bed.
4. We’d better buy a new car.

4 - Advice for Ali

• He shouldn’t work ten hours every day or take office work home every weekend.
• He ought to reduce coffee and drink more water.
• He could use part of his commute for calm audio or choose a less congested route.
• He should schedule short, regular exercise sessions.
• He ought to meet friends and protect time for rest.
• He’d better take a vacation because he has not had one in two years.

5 - Listening

طريقة الحل: شغّل المسار الصوتي المرافق للكتاب، ثم اكتب مشكلة كل من Harvey وAdel وSaeed ونصيحة الطبيب كما تسمعها.

6 - Pronunciation

يقع الضغط الرئيس عادة على الجزء الثاني من العبارة الفعلية: put OFF, turn DOWN, put up WITH.

7 - About You

Common problems include study pressure, lack of sleep, excessive screen time, and unhealthy food. I can support someone by listening without judgment, suggesting one practical step, and encouraging qualified help when health is affected. I try to protect my health through balanced food, movement, sleep, and reasonable goals.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

About the Conversation

1. Classmates call him constantly for help while he also needs to prepare for exams.
2. Hussain advises him to explain that he cannot be available to everyone all the time.
3. They may think Mohammed already knows everything and does not need to study.
4. They call Hussain first to ask what mood Mohammed is in.
5. Hussain feels burdened and wants Mohammed to talk to them directly.

Your Turn

A: I stay up late using my phone, so I’m exhausted at school. What should I do?
B: You ought to set a fixed time to put your phone away.
A: I try, but I keep putting it off.
B: You’d better charge it outside your room and use an ordinary alarm clock.
A: That could work. I’ll take up reading before bed instead.
B: Good idea. Give it a week and see how you feel.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع المشكلات.

Ingredients that attract people

Strong flavor, salt, sugar, saturated fat, starch, sauces, crisp texture, large portions, and appealing smells.

Factors leading to the habit

Convenience, advertising, peer pressure, repeated comfort eating, eating while stressed, limited planning, and becoming accustomed to highly flavored food.

Main advice

Choose whether to reduce gradually or stop for a period, allow time for change, do not give up after one setback, study menus and ingredients, refuse offers politely, set achievable goals, and replace the habit with enjoyable healthy actions.

A - True or False

1. True.
2. True.
3. False — comfort eating is often associated with high-calorie junk food.
4. False — a person can reduce gradually, recover from setbacks, and continue changing the habit.

B - Complete

1. …give up or feel that all progress is lost.
2. …turn down the offer and treat yourself to something healthier.
3. …cut down gradually or stop altogether for some time.
4. …review what you eat and choose lighter, more nutritious meals.
5. …expect instant perfection or stop after one setback.

Discussion

Other reasons include saving money, sleeping better, improving concentration, protecting long-term health, and enjoying a wider variety of foods. A useful plan is to change one regular choice at a time, prepare alternatives, track progress, and return to the plan after setbacks.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع التجارب.

Organizer

• Problem: loneliness, exclusion, falling grades, inactivity, and discouragement.
• Cause: moving, being the new student, unsuccessful attempts to socialize, and spending free time alone.
• Advice: speak to a trusted teacher, join a club or sports team, invite one classmate at a time, maintain old friendships, set a daily study and exercise routine, and ask for support if low mood continues.

Letter

Dear Nasser,

I’m really sorry to hear that moving has been so difficult. I understand why you feel lonely when you have tried to be friendly and still feel like the new student.

Maybe you should speak to a teacher you trust and ask about a football team, club, or group project. It may be easier to get to know one classmate at a time rather than invite a large group. You ought to keep in touch with us, but you should also schedule exercise and study so that the situation does not control your whole day. If you continue feeling unable to concentrate or want to give up, please tell your family or school counselor.

I’m sure things can improve gradually. Write soon and tell me which activity you decide to try.

Your friend,
Faisal

Practice responses

1. I’m sorry your emails disappeared. Have you checked the deleted folder or backups? You should ask technical support before changing anything else.
2. I understand why you are worried about the camera. You could explain that it is new and delicate, then offer to use it together rather than lend it unsupervised.

A - Quantity expressions

1. much
2. many
3. few
4. a lot of / lots of
5. many
6. much

B - Doctor’s advice

Doctor: You eat too much ice cream and drink too many fizzy drinks. You should eat more fruit and vegetables, drink plenty of water, and exercise several times a week.
Ahmed: I’ll replace some lemonade with water, eat fruit every day, and start walking after school.

C - Answers

1. I exercise about three hours a week.
2. I drink six to eight glasses of water a day.
3. I eat junk food occasionally, not every day.
4. I eat several portions of fruit each week.
5. I go to the doctor when I am ill or need a checkup.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع العادات.

D - Feelings

1. I feel strong and relaxed when I exercise.
2. I feel sleepy when I eat a lot.
3. I feel nervous when I need to go to the dentist.
4. I feel tired when I don’t sleep well.
5. I feel bad when I have a headache.
6. I feel uncomfortable when I need to make an excuse.
7. I feel excited when I travel by plane.
8. I feel sad when I say goodbye to a friend.

E - What I do

1. I arrange a dental appointment and use suitable pain relief as directed.
2. I use an appropriate cream and seek advice if the rash continues.
3. I stay in bed, drink fluids, and take medicine as directed.
4. I relax, breathe slowly, and get some sleep.
5. I drink warm tea and use cough syrup as directed.
6. I rest and get some sleep.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات. الأعراض الشديدة أو المستمرة تحتاج تقييمًا صحيًا مناسبًا.

A - Should / shouldn’t

1. Your friend should take a math course.
2. Saif shouldn’t skate without a helmet.
3. The police should do more about crime.
4. Your friends shouldn’t travel without a hotel reservation.

B - Had better

1. Your friend had better take a math course.
2. Saif had better not skate without a helmet.
3. The police had better do more about crime.
4. Your friends had better not travel without a hotel reservation.

C - Ought to

1. …she ought to study tonight.
2. You ought to put on a warmer shirt.
3. …you ought to go to bed?
4. The police ought to stop that driver.

D - Reflexive pronouns

1. myself
2. yourself
3. themselves
4. himself
5. itself
6. ourselves

E - Two-word verbs

1. gave up
2. took up
3. turned down
4. put off
5. didn’t get along
6. throw away
7. broke down

F - Linking words

1. when
2. in spite of
3. Although
4. so
5. as soon as

G - I wish

1. I wish I had received a higher grade in math.
2. I wish my friend didn’t gossip so much.
3. I wish Ahmed could come to the game.
4. I wish I were taller.
5. I wish I spoke German.

H - Conditionals

1. If I had the time, I would learn another language.
2. If I lived in a colder country, I would learn to ski.
3. If I could change something about myself, I would become more patient.
4. If I could be someone else, I would choose to remain myself and improve.
5. If I could travel anywhere, I would visit several historic cities.

إجابة نموذجية في G وH، وتتنوع الصياغة.

Before Reading

Deadlines, examinations, lack of sleep, disagreement, too many tasks, uncertainty about the future, and comparing oneself with others can cause stress.

Causes in the text

Money, family problems, self-esteem, peer acceptance, college admission, career decisions, performance pressure, adult expectations, and rapid social change.

Useful responses

Separate useful problem-solving from constant worry, organize tasks into manageable stages, notice symptoms, seek support, maintain a balanced outlook, and use healthy practices such as prayer, gratitude, rest, laughter, and realistic planning.

A - Vocabulary

1. d — worry or anxiety
2. f — change to fit a new situation
3. c — without worry
4. e — feeling of personal worth
5. a — person of the same age group
6. b — opinion often based on observation

B - Causes

Money, family problems, low self-esteem, peer acceptance, college and career decisions, academic or sports pressure, shorter childhood, adult expectations, and social change.

Writing

• Cause 1: examinations and overlapping deadlines. Advice: divide work into daily stages, begin early, remove distractions, and ask for help with unclear material.
• Cause 2: pressure to gain peer approval. Advice: choose friends who respect boundaries, avoid constant comparison, and speak to a trusted adult when pressure becomes harmful.

Stress among students often comes from deadlines and the desire to satisfy other people’s expectations. A practical plan reduces the first problem: list tasks, set realistic times, and complete one part at a time. For social pressure, students should protect their values and spend time with supportive people. They should also remember that seeking help is a responsible step, not a failure.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الأسباب.

A - Vocabulary

1. the latest fad: the newest popular fashion or trend.
2. the entire clan: the whole family or group.
3. they’re tops: they are excellent or among the best.

B - Expression

b. People are crazy about flip-flops.

Comprehension

1. Flip-flops are the latest craze.
2. They are made of rubber, plastic, or leather.
3. Children, parents, and people around the world wear them.
4. They can be worn at the beach and many other places.

Project - Reusable bottle chant

• Product: reusable water bottle.
• Users: students, workers, travelers, and athletes.
• Place: school, work, the gym, and trips.
• Why: practical, refillable, and easy to carry.

Fill it here, fill it there,
Fresh clean water everywhere.
Strong and light, ready to go,
Take your bottle—sip and flow!

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإعلانات.

A - Headings

1. Text about edible yogurt packaging — Tasty Wrappers.
2. Text about the robotic vehicle — The Autonomous Car.
3. Text about training systems — Simulators.
4. Text about the desert sound — The Whistling Rain Frog.
5. Text about layer-by-layer rapid prototypes — 3D Printing.

B - Opinion

All five ideas refer to real technologies or natural phenomena. Edible wrappers may reduce waste, autonomous cars aim to reduce some kinds of human error, simulators provide controlled practice, and 3D printers build models layer by layer. Their usefulness still depends on safe design and appropriate use.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الآراء.

4 - Listening

طريقة الحل: شغّل المسار الصوتي المرافق للكتاب، ثم حدّد صواب العبارات، واكتب رقم كل تعبير في موضعه بحسب ترتيب الحوار الذي تسمعه.

5 - About You

Clerk: Good morning. How can I help you?
Customer: I’d like to open an account, please.
Clerk: Certainly. Do you have an identification document and proof of address?
Customer: Yes, I do. Is there a service charge?
Clerk: There is no regular service charge for this account. Please fill out these documents.
Customer: Thank you. When will I be able to use the account?
Clerk: As soon as the application is completed and approved, we’ll explain how to access the account safely.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الخدمة المطلوبة.

6 - Pronunciation

Yes/no questions and polite checking questions often rise, while statements and information answers usually fall.

A - Openings and closings

Openings: Dear Mr. Rogers; Hi Olivia; How’s work?; I want to apologize…
Closings: Best regards; Your best friend; I look forward to…; Let me know…

B - True or False

1. True.
2. False — the company is interested in possible U.S. suppliers.
3. True.
4. False — urgent matters should be sent to Shawn Taylor.
5. True.
6. True.

Pair Work

A: I want to apologize for not replying sooner.
B: Don’t worry. That’s quite all right.

A: Congratulations on your new position. I wish you every success.
B: Thanks a lot. I’m looking forward to starting.

B - The Telegraph System

1. But
2. During
3. in spite of
4. Although
5. as soon as
6. because

C - Match

1. b
2. e
3. a
4. f
5. d
6. c

D - About myself

1. I’m interested in learning design.
2. I’m excited about starting a new project.
3. I’m thinking of improving my daily routine.
4. I’m looking forward to meeting my relatives.
5. I’m not used to waking before dawn.
6. I’m tired of wasting time in traffic.
7. I apologized to my friend for arriving late.
8. I’m not capable of memorizing everything at once.
9. I’m used to studying with a clear plan.
10. I decided against buying something I did not need.

إجابة نموذجية في D، وتتنوع الإجابات.

4 - Language in Context

I’m used to checking my schedule, writing short messages, studying online, and helping with household tasks. I’m not used to speaking before a very large audience or staying awake late.

5 - Listening

طريقة الحل: شغّل المسار الصوتي المرافق للكتاب، ثم أكمل سبب الاعتذار أو الخطة في كل رسالة كما تسمعها.

6 - Pronunciation

تدرّب على الحركات القصيرة في send, happy, wish, get, spam, city, letters, congratulations, interested.

7 - About You

People often send messages and digital cards on special occasions. I apologize directly when I make a mistake and try to correct it. I forgive sincere mistakes, and I am comfortable doing reasonable favors while respecting time and boundaries. Families may host relatives when they travel, especially after arranging the visit in advance.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع العادات.

About the Conversation

1. He was looking forward to Abdullah’s graduation event.
2. He cannot attend because his uncle’s wedding and family dinner are on the same night.
3. Abdullah wants him to leave the dinner as soon as it is over and attend the event.

Your Ending

Best choice: Be straight with your uncle and tell him you have plans after dinner.

Your Turn

A: I’m sorry, but I can’t come to your graduation ceremony. My family has an important appointment that evening.
B: I’m sorry you’ll miss it, but thanks for telling me.
A: I hope the ceremony goes very well. I’d like to celebrate with you another day.

A: Would you like to join us for dinner on Friday?
B: Thank you. I’d be happy to come. What time should I arrive?

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الأسباب.

Complete

1. …the Stone Age.
2. …they understood that a war party had returned successfully.
3. …can understand the drum messages.
4. …starting a revolution in communication.
5. …there were 263 million email boxes.
6. …using email and text messages to keep in touch.

Communication chart

• Friends: messages and calls—fast and convenient, but tone can be misunderstood.
• Relatives: calls, visits, and family groups—personal and inclusive, but schedules may differ.
• People far away: video calls and email—immediate and inexpensive, but require a device and connection.

The most effective method depends on purpose: a call is best for urgent or emotional discussion, while email is useful for organized, detailed information.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الوسائل.

A - Comparison

• Page 106: formal business email; uses a title and surname, explains a delayed response, discusses suppliers and a meeting, and closes with Best regards plus the job title.
• Page 107: informal personal email; begins Hi Olivia, asks about life in Paris, requests accommodation, discusses weather and friendship, and closes Your best friend, Melanie.

The differences come from audience and purpose: professional correspondence needs a formal, concise tone, while friends use a personal conversational tone.

B - Adel’s email

1. He spent two months with his friend Brian in the United States.
2. It is the beginning of a new school term after summer.
3. He is still getting used to the school routine and homework.
4. He is excited because he will go to the desert with his cousins and may drive the jeep.
5. P.S. means postscript; it adds a final note after the signature.
6. It is most similar to Melanie’s email because both are informal messages between friends.

A - Life before the Internet

1. didn’t use to have
2. used to / would speak
3. didn’t use to use
4. used to / would take
5. used to / would print
6. used to / would find
7. used to / would use
8. used to / would read
9. used to / would deliver

B - Grandparents

My grandparents used to write letters and make calls from a fixed telephone. They would read printed newspapers every morning and use paper maps when traveling. They didn’t use to send instant messages or store photos online.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع العادات.

C - Picture

• There is a man writing an email on a laptop.
• There is a woman talking on a cell phone.
• There are two people speaking face to face at a table.
• There is a television displaying a person.
• There is a board advertising a lunch special.
• There are printed books, magazines, and signs that communicate written information.

D - Staying in touch

I stay in touch through messages, calls, video calls, and visits. When I was younger, I depended more on family visits and direct calls. Communication is now faster and includes photos and documents, but important conversations are still clearer by voice or face to face.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الوسائل.

A - Match

1. d — desert island
2. c — keep in touch
3. e — close encounter
4. a — whole year round
5. b — split the prize

B - True or False

1. True.
2. False — Bob would like to be Omar bin Abdul Aziz.
3. True.
4. True.
5. False — Hameed is happy with his appearance.
6. True.

Pair Work

• If I could take one thing to a desert island, I’d take a reliable satellite communication device.
• If I could meet a historical figure, I’d ask how they made difficult decisions.
• If I could live anywhere for one year, I’d choose a safe city with strong universities and rich culture.
• Common wishes include good health, useful knowledge, meaningful work, financial security, and happiness for one’s family.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الأمنيات.

A - Match

1. d
2. f
3. e
4. a
5. b
6. c

B - New endings

1. If I were very rich, I would fund useful education projects.
2. If I saw someone stealing, I would alert the store staff.
3. If I had more experience, I could lead the project.
4. If I could say something to the president, I’d ask about opportunities for young people.
5. If I had to leave my home, I might stay with relatives.
6. If I could choose any destination, I’d visit a place with important history and nature.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع النهايات.

C - What would you do?

1. I would politely explain that the cart was mine and help locate another one.
2. I would respect the writer’s privacy and speak only if there were a suitable moment.
3. I would remind my friend calmly and agree on a repayment date.
4. I would explain the damage and ask my friend to clean or repair the item.
5. I would not join the cheating; I would follow the school’s rules for reporting it.

D - City problems

• If I were mayor, I would improve buses and connect busy areas with reliable public transport.
• I would add recycling points, libraries, sports facilities, and safer pedestrian routes.
• I would renovate old schools, support affordable housing, and enforce pollution and waste rules.

E - Wish

1. I wish my friend didn’t eat so much junk food.
2. I wish I knew how to surf.
3. I wish my parents would let me go out tomorrow night.
4. I wish it would stop raining.
5. I wish I had enough money.
6. I wish we didn’t have to wear a uniform to school.

4 - Language in Context

I would ask the business to pay for a reliable laptop for study, a specialized training course, and useful equipment for a community project.

5 - Listening

طريقة الحل: شغّل المسار الصوتي المرافق للكتاب، ثم اكتب أمنية Gina وLyn وSahar وسبب كل أمنية كما تسمعه.

6 - Pronunciation

في الكلام المتصل تُختصر would you وcould you، مع بقاء المعنى واضحًا في السؤال.

7 - About You

1. I do not wish to become someone else; I prefer learning from people I admire.
2. I would first ensure everyone was safe, then take essential documents if it were safe to do so.
3. I would miss communication, clean water, medicine, and reliable shelter.
4. I would miss my family, language, familiar food, and community.
5. A study goal came true after consistent preparation.
6. Develop valuable skills, manage money carefully, avoid unrealistic promises, and build income patiently.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

About the Conversation

1. A man won one million dollars on a TV game show, and a family won 100 million dollars as a prize.
2. Michael says he would not know what to do with so much money.
3. Yousef would give one third to his family and use another third for travel, a house, and a car.

Your Ending

A balanced answer would be: “I’d invest most of the remaining third carefully and give part of it to effective charities.”

Your Turn

A: What would you do if you won a large prize?
B: I’d first pause and obtain independent financial advice. Then I would set aside long-term savings, help my family responsibly, support a useful cause, and use a limited amount for travel and education.
A: Would you change your daily life immediately?
B: No. I would avoid major decisions until I had a clear plan.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الخطط.

A - Money expressions

millions, bankruptcy, financial decisions, large sums, investments, business, won, prize money, fortune, went broke, fines, charities, jackpot.

B - How they handled it

1. Bud Post: tried to help family and invested in unsuccessful businesses; conflict and failure left him broke.
2. Michael Carroll: spent rapidly on houses, vehicles, a football stake, and fines until nearly all the money was gone.
3. Bob Bradley: rejected luxury and gave money to family, friends, and children’s charities.

C and Discussion

• Bud: use independent legal and financial advisers, limit family gifts, and investigate businesses before investing.
• Michael: establish a protected budget, delay large purchases, and separate long-term savings from spending money.
• Bob: his generosity was valuable, but retaining a secure reserve would protect his future needs.

Common problems were pressure, poor advice, rapid spending, risky ventures, damaged relationships, and no long-term plan.

Question numbers in order

1. 7 — Has it sunk in yet?
2. 1 — How does it feel to be a celebrity?
3. 8 — How did you decide to sign up?
4. 5 — Were you a fan of the show before you joined?
5. 3 — How did it feel to be on the show?
6. 4 — Did you have any rough moments during the show?
7. 6 — What special thing would you take away besides the money?
8. 2 — What are your plans for the future?

Personal responses

I would participate if the rules were fair and the subject matched my knowledge. Winning would feel exciting but also overwhelming. I would ask the reporter to include questions about preparation, mistakes, and how the experience could support future education.

إجابة نموذجية في أسئلة الرأي.

A - Quantifiers in the text

no recycling facilities; some good public transportation; a subway system; some good schools; no libraries; a book store; a big supermarket.

B - My city

There are some good schools, parks, shops, and health services. There is reliable communication and there are many useful public facilities. However, there is some traffic at busy times, and some neighborhoods do not have enough pedestrian space. There should be more public transport and more recycling facilities.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع المدن.

C - Shop conversation

1. help
2. looking
3. size
4. medium
5. much
6. wool
7. discount
8. only
9. cash
10. credit card

D - Sabah’s outfit

Assistant: Can I help you, madam?
Sabah: Yes, please. I’m looking for a dress for a wedding.
Assistant: What size are you?
Sabah: Medium. Could I see the blue one?
Assistant: Of course. It is made from cotton and silk, and we have a 15% discount.
Sabah: How much is it after the discount?
Assistant: It is 340 riyals.
Sabah: May I try it on?
Assistant: Certainly. The fitting room is over there.
Sabah: It fits well. I’ll take it and pay by card.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع السلعة والسعر.

A - Serious problems

• Clothing: fabric falling apart after normal washing.
• Electronic products: a device that fails and loses important data.
• Car repairs: unsafe brakes or a cracked windshield.
• Housing: a leaking pipe that causes water damage.

B - Comprehension

1. The walls are filthy and need repainting.
2. He says the engine will be checked.
3. The sleeve is torn.
4. The computer crashed.

Pair Work

A: What seems to be the problem?
B: The air conditioner isn’t cooling.
A: We’ll have the thermostat checked today.

A: What’s wrong with the car?
B: One tire is worn and the windshield is cracked.
A: Those parts need to be replaced before the car is driven.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع المشكلات.

B - Apartment chart

1. Living room: broken windowpane—have it fixed.
2. Kitchen: dripping faucet—have it repaired.
3. Bedroom: dirty window—have it cleaned.
4. Bathroom: hole in the wall—have it repaired.
5. Dining room: peeling paint—have the wall repainted.

C - What was done

We had the living-room window fixed, the kitchen faucet repaired, the bedroom window cleaned, the bathroom wall repaired, and the dining-room wall repainted.

D - Car conversation

1. have had
2. doesn’t start
3. might be
4. recharging / to be recharged
5. have just had; put in
6. repairing / to be repaired
7. has fallen
8. fixing / to be fixed
9. have; fixed
10. said

4 - Silly instructions

1. Iron: clothes should be removed before ironing; the warning is obvious but prevents serious burns.
2. Dessert: keep the container upright while opening; the original wording states an obvious handling step.
3. Shower cap: wear it on the head; the label describes the only normal use.
4. Stroller: apply the brakes on a slope; useful advice, though the warning explains an obvious result.
5. Milk: keep the opened bottle upright to prevent spilling.
6. Meat grinder: use it only for its designed purpose; the wording is too vague to explain the hazard.
7. Frozen dinner: cook before serving; this is necessary but normally expected.
8. Hair dryer: never use it while sleeping or near water; the warning addresses dangerous misuse.

5 - Listening

طريقة الحل: شغّل المسار الصوتي المرافق للكتاب، ثم اكتب شكاوى نزيل الفندق الأربع كما تسمعها.

6 - Pronunciation

يوضع الضغط على الاسم الأول في المركبات: WINDshield, HAIR dryer, MEAT grinder, FLOORboard, SHOWER cap, WINDOWpane.

7 - About You

If a product is defective, I keep the receipt and warranty, document the problem, and request repair, replacement, or refund according to the seller’s policy and consumer rights. Common complaints include misleading descriptions, early failure, missing parts, poor repairs, and delayed service.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع التجارب.

About the Conversation

1. The salesperson eventually tries to help, but first misunderstands the complaint as a style issue.
2. Milo’s latest style is loose-fitting clothing with faded colors and lightweight fabric.
3. The mother says the fabric is flimsy, torn in several places, and falling apart.

Your Ending

A fair response is: “Would you like another pair?” If the fault is confirmed, a replacement or refund should be offered according to the applicable return policy.

Your Turn

Customer: I’d like to return this backpack. The zipper broke after two days.
Salesperson: Do you have the receipt?
Customer: Yes, and the product is still under warranty.
Salesperson: I’m sorry about the problem. Would you prefer a replacement or a refund?
Customer: I’d prefer a replacement, please.
Salesperson: Certainly. I’ll check another one before you leave.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع المنتجات.

Things that went wrong

• The TV shows fuzzy images just before the final match.
• The last key tried is the one that opens the door.
• All traffic lights appear red when someone is late.
• The selected supermarket line seems to be the slowest.
• Hot water runs out, a bus is missed, or computer files are lost without a backup.

Writer’s point

Events that seem like Murphy’s Law often result from probability, selective memory, maintenance problems, or our own preparation; we should not treat every failure as mysterious bad luck.

After Reading

1. It illustrates something failing at exactly the inconvenient moment when it matters most.
2. “If anything can go wrong, it might go wrong.”
3. With five cashiers, there is only a 20% chance of choosing the fastest lane and an 80% chance of choosing a slower one.
4. Matthews tested the belief that toast always lands buttered-side down. Half landed on that side and half did not, so the belief was not supported by the experiment.

Discussion

I once reached the bus stop just after the bus left, but the cause was leaving home late rather than a special law. Murphy’s Law is a humorous way to describe inconvenient failures, not a scientific rule governing every event. Preparation, maintenance, probability, and memory explain many examples.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع التجارب.

A - Letter analysis

1. One earphone cable had not been connected, so the set was faulty.
2. He called Customer Service and was advised to return the earphones as soon as possible.
3. He expected a full refund and discount voucher because the promotional material promised them for faulty items returned within 24 hours.
4. He feels angry and misled; he questions the contradictory packaging condition and says he will stop using the store and report it.

Paragraph functions: scene—1; events—2 and 3; feelings/opinion—4 and 5; conclusion—5.

B - Notes

• Product: wireless headphones.
• Promise: eight-hour battery life and clear sound.
• Actual problem: battery lasts less than one hour and the right speaker disconnects.
• Expected action: replacement after inspection or a full refund under warranty.

A - Pictures

• Have you done the dishes yet? — Yes, I’ve already done them.
• Have you put the glasses away yet? — Yes, I’ve just put them away.
• Have you vacuumed the carpet yet? — No, I haven’t vacuumed it yet.
• Have you taken out the garbage yet? — Yes, I’ve already taken it out.
• Have you taken your medicine yet? — Yes, I’ve just taken it.

B - Gerunds

1. She can’t stand cleaning the house.
2. Our grandparents enjoy living in the country.
3. The children hate sharing their ice cream.
4. We miss eating Mom’s food.
5. My sister has to stop using my toothpaste.
6. The workers finished painting the house.

C - Object pronouns

1. return them
2. tell her
3. return it
4. help us
5. fix it

D - Two forms

1. Put those toys away. / Put them away.
2. Clean this mess up. / Clean it up.
3. Turn the cooker on. / Turn it on.
4. Turn the light off. / Turn it off.
5. Pick your jacket up. / Pick it up.
6. Turn the radio down. / Turn it down.
7. Turn the news up. / Turn it up.

A - Linking words

1. when
2. in spite of
3. Although
4. so
5. as soon as

B - I wish

1. I wish I had received a higher grade in math.
2. I wish my friend didn’t gossip so much.
3. I wish Ahmed could come to the game.
4. I wish I were taller.
5. I wish I spoke German.

C - Repairs

1. We need to have the knife sharpened.
2. The walls need to be cleaned.
3. You need to have the cushions refilled.
4. I need to have the battery recharged.
5. The engine needs to be checked.
6. We need to have the walls repainted.

D - Conditionals

1. If I had the time, I would volunteer for a useful project.
2. If I lived in a coastal city, I would learn sailing.
3. If I could change something about myself, I would become more organized.
4. If I could be someone else, I would still choose to be myself.
5. If I could travel anywhere, I would visit several historic places.

E - Sports interview

1. sold
2. were
3. playing
4. make
5. are
6. cracked
7. torn
8. broken
9. retiring
10. playing
11. working
12. living

F - Preposition + gerund

1. Please excuse me for arriving late.
2. I’m looking forward to going on vacation.
3. I’m tired of waiting for them.
4. I insist on buying you lunch.

إجابة نموذجية في D، وتتنوع الإجابات.

True or False

1. True.
2. True.
3. False — players tried to send the ball through the hole or ring.
4. True.
5. False — teams continued playing and tried to score more baskets.
6. True.

Discussion

Football is my favorite sport. Two teams move the ball mainly with their feet and try to score in the opposing goal while following rules about fouls and offside. Sport can create jobs, investment, and shared entertainment, but commercial pressure should not weaken fairness or player welfare. Athletes can be positive role models when they show discipline and responsibility, but no celebrity should replace thoughtful personal values.

Writing

Violence connected to sport can be reduced through clear stadium rules, responsible media language, trained security, penalties for abuse, and campaigns that separate passionate support from hostility. Clubs and players should model respect, while spectators should report danger and remember that a match is competition, not permission to harm others.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الرياضة المختارة.

A - Vocabulary

1. millionaire
2. diamonds
3. mansion
4. Cadillac

B - Rich lifestyle

diamonds; presents for friends; a trip; a mansion; a brand-new car.

C and Comprehension

through good and bad: for better and for worse.

1. He would live in a mansion.
2. He would sail the seven seas.
3. They would eat pizza and chocolate cookies.
4. He wants to know whether the friend would remain loyal after he lost everything.

Project - Ibn al-Haytham

• Why famous: major contributions to optics, vision, mathematics, and experimental inquiry.
• Where he lived: born in Basra and spent an important part of his scholarly life in Cairo.
• What he did: studied light, reflection, refraction, and how vision works; wrote the influential Book of Optics.
• Important events: developed experiments involving light and the camera obscura and argued that vision occurs when light enters the eye.

His importance comes not only from specific findings but also from careful observation, testing, and explanation.

Picture words

1. locomotive, building, advertisement
2. truck, road, crash, lost control
3. bull, runner, arena, chase
4. dome, observatory, round structure
5. damaged house, tree, storm
6. crater, volcano, meteorite
7. sunglasses, unusual design

Match

• a–5
• b–1
• c–3
• d–2
• e–7
• f–6
• g–4

A - Speculation expressions

must have, can’t be, might have, could have, must be, could be.

B - True or False

1. True — the meteorite had penetrated the roof and both floors.
2. False — the Faussets discovered the damage when they returned in the afternoon.
3. False — neighbors heard a terrific noise.
4. True — it left debris and fragments through the house.
5. False — the largest recovered fragment weighed 6.5 pounds, much more than a tennis ball.

Pair Work

Q: What might have happened to the truck?
A: The driver might have lost control on the icy road.

Q: What do you think the round building is?
A: It can’t be a house. It must be an observatory.

B - Can’t, must, might

1. must
2. can’t
3. must
4. might
5. might
6. can’t

C - Pictures

1. The child must have fallen. She might have hurt herself. She could have lost sight of her family.
2. The man must have received exciting news. He might have won a competition. He could have completed a difficult task.
3. The man must have fallen down the stairs. He might have slipped. He could have been carrying too many things.
4. The man must have seen something frightening. He might have heard a sudden noise. He could have watched a frightening scene.

إجابة نموذجية، وتقبل استنتاجات أخرى تؤيدها الصورة.

4 - Language in Context

• The children had cooked dinner and left the kitchen in a mess.
• They had spilled food and dishes on the floor.
• One child had drawn on the wall.
• They had taken cushions and books out and had not put them away.
• They had played with household objects while the parents were out.

5 - Listening

طريقة الحل: شغّل المسار الصوتي المرافق للكتاب، ثم اكتب الحدث الغريب في منزل Erika وفي مزرعة Fred وMildred، وبعدها أضف تفسيرًا محتملًا يدعمه ما سمعت.

6 - Pronunciation

تدرّب على نهاية -er في: crater, driver, recover, water, discover.

7 - About You

I have not seen a meteorite directly, but I have read reports of bright fireballs and fragments reaching the ground. An unusual sight should first be described accurately—time, place, movement, sound, and weather—before choosing an explanation.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع التجارب.

About the Conversation

1. A crowd had already gathered around a strange object.
2. Samir thinks it could be part of a satellite and later suggests a UFO.
3. Greg thinks it might be the remains of a weather balloon, then a communications satellite.

Your Ending

The safest response is: “We’d better call the police,” keep a reasonable distance, and avoid touching an unknown object.

Reporter’s account

Earlier today, a crowd gathered in a city park after a large metal object apparently fell from the sky. Witnesses reported flashing lights and a humming sound. Some people thought it might be part of a satellite, while others suggested a weather balloon. Authorities were contacted, and visitors were asked to remain at a safe distance until the object could be identified.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الفرضيات.

Education, healthcare, and culture

• People will have social support, healthcare, and high-quality education.
• Higher education will address real needs and prepare people for employment and professional development.
• Libraries, galleries, museums, culture, entertainment, heritage, and national identity will contribute to quality of life.
• Services and facilities for pilgrims and visitors will continue to improve.

Business and employment

• The economy will expand into new sectors.
• Upgraded services will attract investment and businesses.
• The Kingdom’s location will support international trade and transportation.
• Technology access and streamlined government services will expand employment and enterprise opportunities.

A - Vocabulary

1. b
2. f
3. c
4. d
5. i
6. a
7. h
8. g
9. e

B - Complete

1. …social support, healthcare, quality education, and opportunities in a sustainable environment.
2. …knowledge and training linked to employment and professional development.
3. …the Two Holy Mosques and related services and facilities were expanded and upgraded.
4. …offer investment opportunities and attract businesses from different countries.
5. …connects Europe, Africa, and Asia.
6. …the establishment and operation of new enterprises.

Discussion

In 2030, I imagine working in a skilled profession and living near efficient services. Schools may combine strong subject knowledge with projects, digital tools, and career preparation. A family weekend could include a museum, park, cultural event, or historic site reached by convenient transport.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع التصورات.

Stages

1. 1898—Nikola Tesla: demonstrated a radio-controlled boat.
2. 1903—Leonardo Torres Quevedo: presented the Telekino, which executed commands sent by electromagnetic waves.
3. 1932–late 1930s: remote-controlled model aircraft flew and radio makers offered controls for selected models.
4. 1950: Lazy Bones, the first TV remote, connected to the television by wire.
5. Mid-1950s: wireless and ultrasound controls appeared but were unreliable.
6. Late 1970s: more sophisticated TV controls offered a few basic functions.
7. 1980s: wider-function remotes became successful and changed viewing habits.
8. Early 2000s: universal controls addressed the growing number of devices.

Paragraph focus

Origins; early electromagnetic experiments; aircraft and radio; wired and early wireless TV controls; wider functions; universal controls and future integration.

One integrated control is convenient, but it needs strong security and a reliable manual alternative.

A - Witness report

1. was walking
2. heard
3. had seen
4. had heard
5. arrived
6. had already gathered
7. had fallen
8. were
9. had never seen
10. called
11. ran
12. thought
13. realized
14. was

B - Event account

While I was walking near a park, I heard an extremely loud sound, and several birds suddenly flew away. Before I reached the entrance, a crowd had gathered around a fallen tree. The wind had broken a large branch, but nobody had been standing beneath it. Some people called the local service team, while others kept visitors away. It looked quite frightening at first, yet the area was made safe quickly.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الأحداث.

C - Conditionals

1. heat; boils
2. climb; will need
3. see; may/might be
4. get; will see
5. mix; end up

D - Advice

• If you think you have found a meteorite, you must photograph the rock.
• You need to describe its exact location.
• You should measure it if possible.
• You have to report the find to the appropriate scientific institute.
• You needn’t panic; rocks from space reach Earth regularly.
• You should avoid damaging or contaminating the object while waiting for expert advice.

A - Vocabulary

1. oil well (e)
2. heavy load (c)
3. hair style (b)
4. electric bulb (d)
5. security guard (a)

B - True or False

1. True
2. True
3. False — electricity replaced candles and gaslights; candles did not cause its discovery.
4. True
5. True — the man says he should have studied harder.

Pair Work

Biggest regret: I should have managed my study time more carefully.

If the wheel had not been invented: people would not have been able to move heavy loads so efficiently.

Mistakes to avoid: postponing important work and ignoring useful advice.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

A - Should have / shouldn’t have

1. April should have paid Jan back.
2. Brad shouldn’t have broken the window. He should have called for help.
3. Rita should have gone to the doctor.
4. They should have asked Emilio to go out with them.
5. We shouldn’t have gone to Gino’s Restaurant.
6. Mr. Johnson shouldn’t have missed the important meeting.

B - What I would have done

1. I would have asked April politely to return the money.
2. I would have contacted someone with a spare key.
3. I would have made a doctor’s appointment.
4. I would have asked my friends why they had not invited me.
5. I would have chosen another restaurant.
6. I would have set a reminder and arrived early.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

C - Matching

1. e
2. a
3. g
4. f
5. b
6. d
7. c

D - New endings

1. …I would have stayed home.
2. …I would have suggested a more reliable model.
3. …I would have traveled during the holiday.
4. …you could have helped us.
5. …people would trust them now.
6. …I would be studying for it again.
7. …the result might have been different.

E - Responses

1. Ken should have taken his key or asked a neighbor for help.
2. I would have apologized immediately for mistaking the person.
3. Salim should have told his friend about the dent and offered to repair it.
4. I would have explained the mistake to the restaurant and called someone to bring my wallet.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

4 - Language in Context

If I had found the bottle, I would first have checked whether the message was genuine and contacted the attorney named in it. If I had received the money, I would have saved part of it, helped my family, and donated part to charity.

5 - Listening

طريقة الحل: شغّل المسار الصوتي المرافق للكتاب، ثم دوّن ندم J. Springfield وSaeed والسبب الذي يذكره كل واحد منهما.

6 - Pronunciation

تدرّب على الاختزال في could have, should have, would have، ثم استخرج أمثلتها من فقرة Life’s Regrets.

7 - About You

I regret postponing some important tasks. I should have organized my time earlier. One embarrassing situation happened when I greeted someone I had mistaken for a friend; I apologized politely.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

About the Conversation

1. Faisal regrets missing good opportunities, not listening to his parents, not going to college, and not taking a business-management course.
2. Ibrahim earned a master’s degree and planned a career. He then married and had children, but he continues to work hard and take care of his family.

Your Turn

I would have gone to college while the opportunity was available, and I would have studied business management before starting a company. However, I would also value the practical experience I had gained.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

After Reading

1. The friend borrowed money for a DVD and food at the mall.
2. The writer wishes he had not asked for repayment in public.
3. The limo driver found a valuable gold-and-diamond pocket watch behind a seat.
4. He contacted the hotel and returned the watch to its owner.
5. He thinks he should have kept the watch, although returning it was the honest choice.

Discussion

1. The friend should have thanked the writer, explained when he could repay the balance, and spoken privately.
2. The passenger should have shown sincere gratitude; any reward was optional, but his response could have been more generous.
3. Common problems include friendships, family disagreements, study, work, money, and communication.
4. Advice can be useful when it considers the facts and offers options, but the reader must judge what fits the situation.

A - Inventions

1. People have eaten canned food since the early 1800s.
2. People have worn wristwatches since 1910.
3. People have listened to the radio since 1901.
4. People have used toothpaste since 1841.
5. People have had electric lightbulbs since 1879.
6. People have watched films since 1895.
7. People have used paper clips since the 1890s.
8. People have traveled by airplane since 1903.
9. People have used ballpoint pens since 1888.

B - Pair Work

Q: Have you ever been on a plane?
A: Yes, I have. I traveled by plane last summer.

Q: How long have you used a smartphone?
A: I have used one for three years.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

C - Can, could, may

1. could; help
2. may
3. may not meet
4. cannot see
5. Could; swim
6. cannot stay

D - Past inventions

• If Alexander Bell had never invented the telephone, we would not be able to communicate instantly over long distances as modern phones eventually allowed.
• If the wheel had not been invented, people would not have been able to move heavy loads efficiently.
• If the airplane had not been invented, we would not be able to cross continents so quickly.
• If the electric lightbulb had not been invented, people would have had to depend longer on candles and gaslights.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

Inside the classroom

• Ali — postponing revision until the night before a test.
• Omar — not joining a school activity.
• Saad — spending too much time online.

Outside the classroom

• Father — not learning another language earlier.
• Brother — not exercising regularly.
• Neighbor — not saving money from the first job.

A - Vocabulary

1. proof — c
2. candidate — d
3. scan — b
4. bother — a

B - True or False

1. True
2. False — the doctor said pumpkin seeds seemed to improve memory.
3. True — the professor used the absence of contact as his “proof.”
4. False — the humorous statement says the scan found “nothing,” not that nothing was wrong.

Pair Work

Q: What did the interviewer ask Mr. Hollyfield?
A: He asked if he could tell them about the results of his exam.

Q: What did the candidate promise?
A: He said he would build a sports complex and would not raise taxes.

A - Messages

1. Asma’s caller said that she might work late that night and had to finish a report.
2. Fahad told Majid that the game started at eight and that he would pick him up at seven.
3. Ali asked Yahya what the math assignment for the next day was.
4. Maha told Noura that they had had a wonderful time in Abu Dhabi and that she was going to visit her to show her the video.
5. Hussain asked Adel if the game was still on for that night.

B - Note

1. called
2. were
3. hadn’t called
4. had left
5. told
6. wasn’t
7. was
8. had
9. would come
10. would take
11. couldn’t call

C - Difference

تتغير الضمائر والأزمنة وعبارات الزمن والمكان لتناسب المتحدث الجديد ووقت نقل الكلام؛ أما المعنى الأساسي فيبقى نفسه.

4 - Language in Context

“Air pollution harms health.” → The student said that air pollution harmed health.

“Countries must protect fresh water.” → The student said that countries had to protect fresh water.

5 - Listening

طريقة الحل: شغّل المسار الصوتي المرافق للكتاب، ثم اكتب المعلومات الثلاث التي أخطأ فيها المرشح كما نطقها في الخطاب.

6 - Pronunciation

في الجملة الخبرية تكون that غالبًا غير مشددة، أما عندما تكون ضمير إشارة كما في Why did they say that? فتُنطق مشددة.

7 - About You

A memorable saying is: “Actions speak louder than words.” It means that behavior proves intention more clearly than promises.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات.

About the Conversation

1. They are complaining about pushy telemarketing calls.
2. The caller wanted Faisal to open an account with Dollar Bank.
3. Faisal said he was not interested and finally hung up.
4. The man called Khaled to claim that he had won a free trip to the Bahamas.
5. Khaled would first have to pay a large amount to join the Jet Set Club.

Your Turn

Caller: I’m calling to offer our banking services.
Faisal: I already have an account and I’m not interested. Please remove my number from your list.

Caller: You have won a free trip.
Khaled: I didn’t enter a contest, so I won’t pay a membership fee. Please don’t call again.

A - True or False

1. True
2. True
3. False — Austen suggested that people who do not complain receive no pity.
4. True
5. False — de Gaulle’s joke suggests governing such variety is difficult.
6. True

B - Report

1. Emerson advised people to make themselves useful to someone.
2. Plato said wise people spoke because they had something meaningful to say, whereas fools spoke because they felt compelled to speak.
3. Woody Allen joked that he was not afraid of death but did not want to be present when it happened.
4. Duell was said to have claimed that everything possible had already been invented.

Discussion

I prefer Mark Twain’s quote because learning should continue beyond classrooms and certificates. Several quotations are humorous because they use exaggeration or an unexpected contrast.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الآراء.

Patient chart

• Patient: the writer’s mother.
• Place: at home initially; the email below reports taking her to Well Hospital.
• What happened: her condition deteriorated and required medical attention.
• Caregiver: a nurse.
• With her: her aunt.

Email

Dear Uncle and Aunt,
Mom’s condition became worse today, so we took her to Well Hospital at 200 North Avenue. A nurse is caring for her, and we’re with her now. To reach us, head southwest on Bloom Street toward Main Avenue, turn left, take the second right onto Hinsdown Street, and continue for 3.1 miles toward North Avenue. Enter the hospital grounds from North Avenue and take the first right for the emergency entrance. You can use the underground garage beside the hospital.
See you soon.

A - Report

My partner said that a flood had struck a town after heavy rain. He said it had happened during the previous winter and that emergency teams had rescued residents and protected important facilities. He added that many families had been affected but that community volunteers had provided food and shelter.

B - Negative questions

1. Don’t you recognize me?
2. Aren’t you going to offer me any popcorn?
3. Don’t you want to play with us?
4. Haven’t you forgotten to greet me?
5. Aren’t you going to get up for school?

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع صياغة التقرير.

C - Indirect questions

1. Could you tell me where the main post office is?
2. Do you know how often the buses come?
3. Could you tell me what time the bank opens?
4. Do you know where the nearest pharmacy is?
5. Could you tell me when the gas station closes?
6. Do you know what the name of the highway to town is?

D - Responses

1. So can I. / I can’t.
2. So will I. / I won’t.
3. So do I. / I don’t.
4. Neither did I. / I did.
5. Neither will I. / I will.

اختر إجابة الاتفاق أو الاختلاف التي تطابق حالتك.

A - Conditionals

1. If Khaled hadn’t answered his cell phone, he wouldn’t have had a car accident.
2. If my mother had known we were coming, she would have made lunch.
3. If he hadn’t gone to the football game, he would have finished his homework.
4. If Ahmed had seen his boss, he would have greeted him.

B - Speculation

1. It could be someone preparing breakfast.
2. My friend might not have seen me.
3. It may be a delivery person.
4. They must have lost the game.

C - Detective Malcolm

1. noticed
2. had left
3. had locked
4. smelled
5. had been
6. couldn’t have been
7. had broken
8. moved
9. heard
10. stared

D - Reported speech

1. Qassim told Hameed that he would meet him at seven the next day.
2. Mr. Jenkins told Mr. Taylor that he had to arrive on time.
3. Robert told his teacher that he hadn’t caught his usual bus.
4. The customer asked whether the jacket came in a bigger size.
5. Mr. Timms told the judge that he had never seen that man before.
6. The captain told the co-pilot that it might be a falling star.

E - Questions for extraterrestrial beings

1. I asked where they came from. They said they came from a distant planet.
2. I asked how long their journey had taken. They said it had taken several years.
3. I asked how they communicated. They said they used signals.
4. I asked what their planet was like. They said it was colder than Earth.
5. I asked why they had visited Earth. They said they wanted to learn about humans.

F - Advice

The people should have checked their plans, belongings, directions, and tickets before leaving. They should have communicated earlier and carried the essential items with them.

إجابة نموذجية، وتتنوع الإجابات وفق المواقف المصورة.

A - Vocabulary

1. eerie
2. alien
3. wriggling
4. blasting
5. warn

B - Comprehension

1. It first said a meteor had fallen; it supposedly turned out to be a spacecraft.
2. The alien was large, glistening, black-eyed, tentacled, and difficult to describe.
3. They moved in gigantic three-legged machines.
4. They used heat rays and poisonous black gas.
5. Listeners panicked, filled roads, hid, armed themselves, and tried to protect themselves from gas.
6. I would have checked another reliable news source and listened for official instructions before acting.

Project model

Title: The Gift of the Magi. Characters: Della and Jim. Setting: a modest home before Christmas. Events: each sells a prized possession to buy a gift for the other. Ending: the gifts cannot be used, but their sacrifice shows deep love. Why I liked it: the ending is surprising and meaningful.

Vocabulary

1. see
2. on the spot
3. trials
4. plea
5. forsake

Comprehension A

1. True
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. True
6. True

Comprehension B

1. He should have corrected his work on the spot.
2. He should have asked someone to help him.
3. He should not have tried to do everything alone.

Apology letter

Dear Omar,
I’m sorry I shared your news before asking your permission. I should have respected your privacy and spoken to you first. I understand why you were upset, and I promise to be more careful. I hope you can forgive me.
Your friend,
Ali